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考虑常利率及通货膨胀下有扰动的双复合Poisson-Geometric过程的两险种风险模型,运用鞅方法得到破产概率满足的Lundberg不等式和一般公式,当保费和索赔服从指数分布和混合指数分布时,得到破产概率的精确表达式。 相似文献
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Modern cities use straightened and concrete watercourses with simple greening for riparian zones, which has been criticised for insensitivity to natural system integrity and cultural identity. This increases the challenge to urban ecologists, landscape designers and managers to conceive innovative and effective design solutions that do not jeopardise hydraulic efficiency yet are culturally acceptable to local communities. This paper introduces the field of local ecological knowledge (LEK) as rich sources of inspiration and design solutions to meet this challenge. LEK refers to knowledge and practices of various local cultures about the relationship of living beings (including humans) with their environments. Wepropose a pragmatic framework that integrates LEK with modern landscape design. It includes steps: (1) investigate existing practices, skills andmeasures relating to LEK; (2) explore how and whereLEKcan inspire or integrate withdesign. Here we propose three aspects for integration in accordance with the nature of landscaping process: overall structure, component and maintenance.(3)evaluate and test the integration in terms of its acceptability by local communities. Taking the riparian revegetation project of Hanfeng Lake Urban Wetland Park (Chongqing Municipality) as an example, we illustrate the utility of this framework. 11 local common practices relating to LEK were identified. According to thethree aspects for integration, alternative design solutions were offered. The survey showed that LEK based designwas more highly valued than other conventional ways in terms of useracceptance. We conclude that LEK provides actionable ecologically sound and culturally desirablesolutions for urbanlandscape. We also recognise that LEK evolveswith changing environments and new harmonious and dynamic human-nature relationships arecontinually re-forming. The process of acquisition and application of LEK could encourage multidisciplinary and synthetic approaches to urban ecosystems. Such adaptability and interdisciplinary engagementare crucial totoday’schanging and complexurban environments. 相似文献
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This experiment was conducted to investigate the liver-protective effect of Chinese herbal compound probiotics (CHCP) on acute liver injury layers.One hundred and eight 1 day old hens were divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 9 layers per replicate in trial 1.The layers in model groups Ⅰ to Ⅲ were gavaged with 10% (V/V) soybean oil solution of carbon tetrachloride (SCCl4) according to 1,2 and 4 mL/(kg·BW) at 14,28 and 35 d,respectively.The layers in control group were gavaged with 2 mL/(kg·BW) soybean oil.In trial 2,sixty 1 d layers were divided into 5 groups:Control group (soybean oil),model control group(SCCl4)and low-dose,middle-dose and high-dose CHCP group (SCCl4+1‰ CHCP,SCCl4+2‰ CHCP and SCCl4+4‰ CHCP respectively).CHCP were used by drinking water since 7 days.SCCl4 were gavaged according to 2 mL/(kg·BW) at 14 and 28 d.The results showed as follows:The model of layers liver damage could be built by intragastric administration of 2 mL/(kg·BW) 10%(V/V) SCCl4 at 14,28 d respectively,with the signs of hepatic steatosis,severe vacuolar degeneration,nuclear condensation and necrosis.Compared to the model control group,the serum AST levels in low,medium and high dose CHCP groups were decreased by 4.35% (P > 0.05),7.57% (P > 0.05) and 9.79% (P < 0.05),the serum ALT levels in medium and high dose CHCP groups were decreased by 34.92% (P < 0.01),36.51% (P < 0.01),the serum total bilirubin content in medium and high dose CHCP groups were decreased by 25.49% (P < 0.01),27.45% (P < 0.01).The liver cell congestion was reduced to varying degrees in different dose CHCP groups,and the liver cell had no vacuoles,arranged in neat rows,abundant cytoplasm and uniform in different dose CHCP groups.In conclusion,2‰,4‰ CHCP could reduce hepatocyte necrosis,decrease the serum activities of ALT,AST and total bilirubin levels,and had protective effect on hepatic injury induced by SCCl4. 相似文献
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为研究复方中草药添加剂对稻鸭共作模式下成都麻鸭生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化指标及免疫指标的影响,试验选取体重相近、体况健康的15日龄成都麻鸭240只,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复12只。4组为对照组饲喂基础饲粮;试验1、2、3组在基础饲粮中按照质量比分别添加0.5%(低剂量组)、1%(中剂量组)、2%(高剂量组)的复方中草药,试验期90 d。结果显示:(1)试验1、2、3组的平均日增重分别较对照组提高2.19%、4.34%、4.98%(P<0.05);试验2、3组的料重比分别较对照组降低3.37%、3.63%(P<0.05);(2)试验2组和3组的总蛋白(TP)分别较对照组提高4.20%、6.08%(P<0.05);试验2组和3组的尿素氮(BUN)分别较对照组降低12.72%、16.36%(P<0.05);试验2组和3组的谷草转氨酶(ALT)分别较对照组降低15.84%、19.22%(P<0.05);试验3组的谷丙转氨酶(AST)较对照组降低19.34%(P<0.05);(3)试验2组和3组超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)分别较对照组提高15.80%、20.00%(P<0.05);试验3组的总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)较对照组提高22.37%(P<0.05);(4)三个试验组的IgA、IgM、IgG、IFN-γ、IL-2显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验2组的肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)较对照组提高10.06%(P<0.05),试验2组和3的组溶菌酶(LZM)分别较对照组提高6.79%、5.66%(P<0.05)。综上,中草药添加剂能有效提高稻鸭共作模式下成都麻鸭的生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化指标及免疫指标,本试验条件下,最佳饲喂剂量为1%。 相似文献
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以NBPT(N-丁基硫代磷酰三胺)和DMPP(3,4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐)为复合抑制剂,利用转鼓喷涂工艺,开发出新型复合型抑制剂涂覆尿素肥料,采用扫描电镜和能谱仪分析其涂覆效果。通过田间试验系统对比评价了追施不同氮肥对调控氮素的特征效果。试验设置5个处理:(1)不施氮肥(CK);(2)农民习惯追施尿素(CU);(3)优化追施尿素(CUU);(4)优化追施抑制剂涂覆尿素(CUY1);(5)优化追施抑制剂涂覆尿素(CUY2)。在夏玉米喇叭口期、冬小麦拔节期追施氮肥后的15天内进行田间原位连续动态观测。电镜和能谱结果表明,复合抑制剂均匀涂覆于尿素表面,形成薄而致密、光滑的涂覆层,该涂覆层均匀分布有磷和硫2种元素,表明复合抑制剂与尿素已有效结合。田间试验结果表明,在同等优化施氮量下与普通尿素相比,夏玉米和冬小麦季追肥后CUY1和CUY2处理氨挥发分别降低55.19%,32.15%和52.46%,39.43%。夏玉米季追肥后,0-20 cm土层CU、CUU处理土壤硝态氮含量于第5天达到峰值,到后期已显著低于CUY1、CUY2处理,CUY2处理稳定硝态氮的效果更好。冬小麦季追肥后,0-20 cm土壤硝态氮含量CU、CUU处理分别在第5,3天达到峰值,CUY1、CUY2处理于第11天达到峰值后,硝态氮含量已显著高于相同施氮量的CUU处理。在保证产量和净收益的同时,抑制剂涂覆尿素显著降低了追施氮素的氨挥发和淋溶损失浓度,其中冬小麦季CUY1处济效益较好,夏玉米季CUY2调控氮素的效果最佳,减少向下淋溶的效果明显。 相似文献
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